Iskaan-gareeska laysarka, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan galvanometer-ka laysarka, wuxuu ka kooban yahay madaxa iskaanka indhaha ee XY, amplifier-ka wadista elektaroonigga ah iyo muraayadda milicsiga indhaha. Calaamadda uu bixiyo koontaroolaha kombiyuutarku wuxuu madaxa iskaanka indhaha ku dhaqaajiyaa wareegga amplifier-ka wadista, taasoo xakameysa leexashada iftiinka laysarka ee diyaaradda XY. Si fudud haddii loo hadlo, galvanometer-ku waa galvanometer iskaanka oo loo isticmaalo warshadaha laysarka. Ereygeeda xirfadeed waxaa loo yaqaan nidaamka iskaanka xawaaraha sare ee galvanometer Galvo. Waxa loogu yeero galvanometer-ka waxaa sidoo kale loogu yeeri karaa ammeter. Fikraddiisa naqshadeed waxay si buuxda u raacdaa habka naqshadeynta ammeter-ka. Muraayaddu waxay beddeshaa irbadda, calaamadda baaritaankana waxaa lagu beddelaa calaamadda -5V-5V ama -10V-+10V DC ee kombiyuutarku maamulo, si loo dhammaystiro ficilka la go'aamiyay. Sida nidaamka iskaanka muraayadda wareegaysa, nidaamkan xakamaynta caadiga ah wuxuu isticmaalaa labo muraayadood oo dib u guranaya. Farqiga ayaa ah in matoorka stepper-ka ee kaxeeya muraayadahan waxaa lagu beddelay matoor servo ah. Nidaamkan xakamaynta, waxaa loo isticmaalaa dareemaha booska. Fikradda naqshadeynta iyo wareegga jawaab celinta taban waxay sii hubineysaa saxnaanta nidaamka, xawaaraha sawir qaadista iyo saxnaanta booska soo noqnoqda ee nidaamka oo dhan waxay gaarayaan heer cusub. Madaxa calaamadaynta sawir qaadista galvanometer-ka wuxuu inta badan ka kooban yahay muraayadda sawir qaadista XY, muraayadda goobta, galvanometer-ka iyo barnaamijka calaamadaynta kumbuyuutarka ee kontoroolka ku shaqeeya. Xullo qaybaha indhaha ee u dhigma iyadoo loo eegayo hirarka laysarka ee kala duwan. Xulashooyinka la xiriira waxaa sidoo kale ka mid ah ballaarinta iftiinka laysarka, laysarka, iwm. Nidaamka bandhigga laysarka, qaabka hirarka sawir qaadista indhaha waa sawir qaadista vector, xawaaraha sawir qaadista ee nidaamkuna wuxuu go'aamiyaa xasilloonida qaabka laysarka. Sannadihii ugu dambeeyay, sawir qaadayaasha xawaaraha sare leh ayaa la sameeyay, iyadoo xawaaraha sawir qaadista uu gaarayo 45,000 dhibcood/ilbiriqsi, taasoo suurtogal ka dhigaysa in la muujiyo animations laysarka oo adag.
5.1 Kala-goysyada alxanka galvanometer-ka laysarka
5.1.1 Qeexidda iyo halabuurka isku-xidhka alxanka galvanometer:
Madaxa diiradda saaraya isku-dhafka wuxuu adeegsadaa qalab farsamo ahaan madal taageero ah. Qalabka farsamadu wuxuu dib iyo dib u socdaa si uu u gaaro alxanka alxanka kala duwan ee wadada. Saxnaanta alxanka waxay ku xiran tahay saxnaanta dhaqdhaqaaqa, sidaa darteed waxaa jira dhibaatooyin sida saxnaan hoose, xawaaraha jawaab celinta gaabiska ah, iyo is-dhexgal weyn. Nidaamka iskaanka galvanometer-ka wuxuu adeegsadaa matoor si uu u qaado muraayadda si uu u leexdo. Matoorka waxaa ku shaqeeya koronto gaar ah wuxuuna leeyahay faa'iidooyinka saxnaanta sare, is-dhexgal yar, iyo jawaab degdeg ah. Marka laambadda lagu iftiimiyo muraayadda galvanometer-ka, leexashada galvanometer-ka waxay beddeshaa laambadda laysarka. Sidaa darteed, laambadda laysarka waxay sawiri kartaa waddo kasta oo ku taal goobta sawir-qaadista iyada oo loo marayo nidaamka galvanometer-ka.
Qaybaha ugu muhiimsan ee nidaamka iskaanka galvanometer-ka waa isku-xidhka ballaarinta beam-ka, muraayadda diiradda saarta, galvanometer-ka iskaanka laba-dhidib ee XY, guddiga xakamaynta iyo nidaamka software-ka kombiyuutarka ee martida loo yahay. Galvanometer-ka iskaanka wuxuu inta badan tilmaamayaa labada madax ee iskaanka galvanometer-ka XY, kuwaas oo ay wadaan matoorada servo-ga ee xawaaraha sare leh. Nidaamka servo-ga laba-dhidibka ah wuxuu kaxeeyaa galvanometer-ka iskaanka laba-dhidibka XY si uu ugu leexdo dhidibka X iyo Y-dhidibka siday u kala horreeyaan isagoo calaamadaha amarka u diraya matoorada servo-ga X iyo Y-dhidibka. Sidan, iyada oo loo marayo dhaqdhaqaaqa isku dhafan ee muraayadda muraayadda laba-dhidibka XY, nidaamka xakamaynta wuxuu u rogi karaa calaamadda guddiga galvanometer-ka iyadoo loo eegayo qaabka garaafka ee hore loo sii diyaariyey ee software-ka kombiyuutarka martida loo yahay sida waafaqsan waddada la dejiyay, oo si dhakhso ah ayuu ugu dhaqaaqi karaa diyaaradda shaqada si uu u sameeyo waddo iskaanka.
5.1.2 Kala-soocidda isku-xidhka alxanka galvanometer-ka:
1. Muraayadaha sawir-qaadista ee diiradda saaraya hore
Sida laga soo xigtay xiriirka booska ee u dhexeeya muraayadda diiradda saarta iyo mitirka laser-ka, qaabka sawir-qaadista ee mitirka galvanometer-ka waxaa loo qaybin karaa sawir-qaadista diiradda saarta hore (Jaantuska 1 ee hoose) iyo sawir-qaadista diiradda saarta gadaal (Jaantuska 2 ee hoose). Sababtoo ah jiritaanka farqiga wadada indhaha marka iftiinka leysarka loo leexiyo meelo kala duwan (masaafada gudbinta iftiinka way ka duwan tahay), dusha sare ee leysarka inta lagu jiro habka sawir-qaadista ee hore waa dusha sare ee hemispherical, sida lagu muujiyay sawirka bidix. Habka sawir-qaadista diiradda saarta kadib waxaa lagu muujiyay sawirka midig. Muraayadda ujeedadu waa muraayadda F-plan. Muraayadda F-plan waxay leedahay naqshad gaar ah oo indhaha ah. Iyadoo la soo bandhigayo sixitaanka indhaha, dusha sare ee hemispherical ee iftiinka leysarka waxaa loo hagaajin karaa si siman. Sawir-qaadista diiradda saarta kadib waxay inta badan ku habboon tahay codsiyada u baahan saxnaanta farsamaynta sare iyo baaxad yar oo farsamayn ah, sida calaamadaynta laysarka, alxanka qaab-dhismeedka laysarka, iwm.
2.Muraayadaha iskaanka ee diiradda saaraya dambe
Marka aagga sawir-qaadista uu kordho, daloolka muraayadda f-theta ayaa sidoo kale kordha. Sababtoo ah xaddidaadaha farsamada iyo agabka awgeed, muraayadaha f-theta ee waaweyn ee daloolka weyn aad bay qaali u yihiin xalkanna lama aqbalo. Nidaamka iskaanka muraayadda ee galvanometer-ka hore ee muraayadda ujeeddada leh oo lagu daray robot-ka lix-dhidib leh waa xal macquul ah, kaas oo yarayn kara ku tiirsanaanta qalabka galvanometer-ka, wuxuu leeyahay heer aad u sarreeya oo saxnaanta nidaamka ah, wuxuuna leeyahay iswaafajin wanaagsan. Xalkan waxaa qaatay inta badan isku-dhafka. Aqbasho, oo badanaa loo yaqaan alxanka duulimaadka. Alxanka baska module-ka, oo ay ku jiraan nadiifinta tiirarka, wuxuu leeyahay codsiyo duulimaad, kaas oo kordhin kara ballaca habaynta si dabacsan oo hufan.
3.3D galvanometer:
Iyadoo aan loo eegin inay tahay sawir-qaadis hore oo diiradda saaraya ama sawir-qaadis gadaal-diirsan, diiradda iftiinka laysarka laguma xakamayn karo diiradda firfircoonida. Habka sawir-qaadis hore oo diiradda saaraya, marka shaqada la farsamaynayo ay yar tahay, muraayadda diiradda saaraysa waxay leedahay qoto dheer oo diiradda saaraya, sidaa darteed waxay samayn kartaa sawir-qaadis diiradda saaraya qaab yar. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, marka diyaaradda la sawirayo ay weyn tahay, dhibcaha u dhow hareeraha ayaa ka baxsan doona diiradda oo laguma diiradda saari karo dusha sare ee shaqada la farsamaynayo sababtoo ah waxay dhaafsiisan tahay qoto dheer ee diiradda laysarka. Sidaa darteed, marka iftiinka laysarka looga baahan yahay inuu si fiican diiradda u saaro boos kasta oo diyaaradda sawir-qaadista ah oo goobta muuqaalku ay weyn tahay, isticmaalka muraayadda dhererka diiradda go'an ma buuxin karto shuruudaha sawir-qaadista. Nidaamka diiradda saarista firfircooni waa nidaamyo indho-indheyn ah oo dhererkoodu uu isbeddeli karo marka loo baahdo. Sidaa darteed, cilmi-baarayaashu waxay soo jeedinayaan isticmaalka muraayad diiradda firfircoon si loo magdhabo farqiga waddada indhaha, oo ay isticmaalaan muraayad qaloocan (ballaariyaha iftiinka) si ay si toosan ugu dhaqaaqaan dhidibka indhaha si loo xakameeyo booska diiradda oo loo gaaro Dusha sare ee la farsamaynayo si firfircoon ayay u magdhabaysaa farqiga waddada indhaha ee jagooyinka kala duwan. Marka la barbardhigo galvanometer-ka 2D, halabuurka galvanometer-ka 3D wuxuu inta badan ku daraa "nidaamka indhaha ee Z-axis", si galvanometer-ka 3D uu si xor ah u beddeli karo booska diiradda inta lagu jiro habka alxanka oo uu u sameeyo alxanka dusha sare ee qaloocan, iyada oo aan loo baahnayn in la beddelo qalabka sida qalabka mashiinka, iwm. sida galvanometer-ka 2D. Dhererka robot-ka waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu hagaajiyo booska diiradda alxanka.
Waqtiga boostada: Maajo-23-2024
